How to train your dog to wear a muzzle

Step-by-step guide: how to muzzle train your dog.

It’s useful for all dogs to be able to wear a muzzle comfortably. Dogs can learn to enjoy wearing muzzles in the same way that they learn to wear a collar or harness. Take the time to introduce a muzzle in a positive and fun way, so your dog knows it’s nothing to worry about.

Why would my dog need to wear a muzzle?

There are lots of reasons a dog may benefit from wearing a muzzle, including:

For safety when a dog is frightened, ill or injured. Fear, pain or illness can affect the way a dog feels and behaves. If your dog is already muzzle trained, a vet can provide care quickly and safely in an emergency.
To prevent dogs eating things that could be harmful. For dogs on strict diets, or those who try to eat everything, a muzzle could be a life saver.
To keep dogs, and those around them, safe. A muzzle can be essential for dogs who have been known to behave aggressively in certain situations, or dogs who have learnt to chase and catch.
If they are required to by law.

A muzzle won't change the way your dog feels about a particular situation or trigger.
Even with a muzzle on, it’s important to try to avoid situations that make your dog feel worried. Being exposed to scary situations is unpleasant for them and could make their behaviour worse in the long term.

Choosing a muzzle

There are lots of types of muzzles. Choose a muzzle that your dog can eat, drink and pant through, such as a basket type muzzle. Being able to pant is important for dogs to regulate their temperature. The muzzle needs to fit them comfortably — it shouldn't obscure their vision, dig into their face, or restrict their mouth movement. It needs to be secure and as comfy as possible. If it’s rubbing, you can try wrapping a non-irritant fabric around the inside of the nose-piece.

How to train your dog to wear a muzzle

If your dog isn’t comfortable having people close to their food bowl, or can resource guard food, then this method may not be suitable for you.

If you know your dog struggles with having their face or head touched, you’ll need to work on this first with the support of a qualified professional

If you haven’t already, take a look at our webpage on markers which explains how to introduce a marker to your dog. A marker is a clear signal that tells your dog they’ve got it right and a treat is on the way. Markers can be very helpful when training new behaviours.

How to train your dog to wear a muzzle

If your dog isn’t comfortable having people close to their food bowl, or can resource guard food, then this method may not be suitable for you. Contact an accredited behaviourist for support, or get in touch with our Behaviour Support Line. If you know your dog struggles with having their face or head touched, you’ll need to work on this first with the support of a qualified professional If you haven’t already, take a look at our webpage on markers which explains how to introduce a marker to your dog. A marker is a clear signal that tells your dog they’ve got it right and a treat is on the way. Markers can be very helpful when training new behaviours.

Introduce the muzzle

When you’re starting training, always make sure your dog is free to remove their face from the muzzle whenever they wish. Give them the choice to put their nose in and out and move away, this will help build their confidence and trust in you.

Begin training …

Begin training in a familiar, quiet area where you and your dog are relaxed. Prepare some small treats to reward your dog. A tube of paste (such as squeezy cheese or pate) can be handy to reward your dog more easily through the muzzle. Remember to keep sessions short and sweet!

1. Start with the muzzle behind your back. Bring it into view and when your dog looks at the muzzle, mark and reward them by throwing a treat away from you. Put the muzzle behind your back again and repeat – lots!

2. Put the muzzle on the floor. Place some treats around and next to the muzzle. Then begin to pop a treat just inside the opening of the muzzle.

3. Next, hold the muzzle in one hand at your dog’s nose height. Make sure the muzzle is held still and not moved towards your dog. Place a treat (or some squeezy cheese or paste) at the edge of or opening of the muzzle. As your dog is finishing, start to slowly move the muzzle away from your dog (towards you). Repeat this until your dog is happily eating from the edge of the muzzle.

4. Then, put the paste or squeezy cheese further into the muzzle. Of if you're using solid treats, cup the muzzle in your hand to stop treats falling out, and drop a treat further into it. Allow your dog to put their face into the muzzle to take the treat. Repeat this, gradually putting the treat further into the muzzle, until your dog is happily putting their nose into it.

5. Now, don’t put any treats in the muzzle, and wait for your dog to put their nose into it – looking for a treat. When they put their nose in, mark and reward them for this by popping a treat (or squeezing some paste) through a gap in the end of the muzzle. Repeat this several times. Your dog will be learning to like putting their face inside the muzzle with every go!

Learning to love the muzzle

Show your dog the muzzle — at this point they should be happy to put their nose into it.

Slowly build up the time your dog spends in the muzzle: post treats or paste through the end of the muzzle while they choose to stay in position.

You can …

Show your dog the muzzle — at this point they should be happy to put their nose into it.

Slowly build up the time your dog spends in the muzzle: post treats or paste through the end of the muzzle while they choose to stay in position.

You can also try holding the muzzle further away to encourage your dog to move towards it.

If your dog seems unsure at any point, go back to a stage at which they were relaxed and practise for a bit longer. Then progress more slowly.

Add in movement

To help your dog feel confident walking in the muzzle, it’s important to start building in some movement.

Repeat what you've been doing, and take a step or two backwards while holding the muzzle. This will encourage your dog to walk with you. Reward your dog …

To help your dog feel confident walking in the muzzle, it’s important to start building in some movement.

Repeat what you've been doing, and take a step or two backwards while holding the muzzle. This will encourage your dog to walk with you. Reward your dog with paste or treats through the end of the muzzle for coming with you. This should be fun for your dog.

Gradually build up how many steps you take – always move away from your dog and not towards them.

Introducing the straps

Don’t rush to do up the straps of your muzzle, give your dog plenty of time to get familiar with the sound and feeling of the muzzle first.

First, make sure your dog is comfortable with the noise of the clip or buckle (as this will eventually be done …

Don’t rush to do up the straps of your muzzle, give your dog plenty of time to get familiar with the sound and feeling of the muzzle first.

First, make sure your dog is comfortable with the noise of the clip or buckle (as this will eventually be done up right behind their ears). While in the same room as your dog, but at a distance, fasten the clip or buckle a few times. If your dog notices the sound and remains calm, reward them so they’ll associate this sound with tasty treats. Continue doing this, getting closer to your dog every few times you close the clip.

Providing your dog is relaxed with the sound of the clip/buckle and comfortable keeping their face inside the muzzle for some time, start to gently touch and move the straps. (It helps to extend the straps beforehand, so they’re at their longest and loosest setting at this stage of your training.) Build up to draping the straps loosely over your dog’s neck, then let them slip off again. Mark and reward your dog for remaining relaxed and keeping their face in the muzzle as the straps move.

Doing up the straps

When your dog is happy keeping their nose in the muzzle with you holding the straps, begin to fiddle with the clips. There’s no need to rush into doing up the strap completely. Start by moving the straps around behind your dog’s ears as though you are going to do it up — but don’t actually do it up yet. Let them get familiar with the feeling of the straps tightening first and mark and reward them for keeping their face in the muzzle.

Next you can progress to fastening the clips. To start with, undo them again right away. Mark and reward your dog for being calm and choosing to stay in position.

Leaving the muzzle on for longer

Now that your dog is relaxed and confident wearing the muzzle with the straps done up, begin leaving the muzzle on for increasing periods of time. Start with just a few seconds, and then increase in very small increments.

Build in some fun activities for your …

Build in some fun activities for your dog. You could play some simple ‘find it’ games with treats in the house or garden, or practise training they know like ‘sit’ and reward them. Plan the activity before you put the muzzle on your dog – so there’s no delay once the muzzle is on.

Gradually build up the amount of time your dog wears the muzzle during these activities. Over time, you can slowly start giving your dog less treats.

Once your dog is ready, you can introduce occasional short sessions where they are not getting rewarded whilst wearing the muzzle. Do this just for a few seconds to begin with, then gradually build up the time. For example, you could pop the muzzle on while you do brief jobs around the house.

Once you’ve practised all of the above, you can introduce the muzzle outside on a quiet walk. Stick to short walks at first and build up to longer ones. Always have some treats or paste with you so you can reward your dog for calm, relaxed behaviours.

By now your dog should see the muzzle as nothing to worry about at all.

Keep refreshing your training

Redo these steps every so often to help your dog keep a positive association with their muzzle. Even dogs who wear a muzzle everyday can benefit from a refresher.

What to do if my dog is worried by the muzzle

The muzzle might worry your dog so much that they decide the treat isn’t worth it. They might have worn a muzzle before and not enjoyed it. Or they might be naturally cautious about trying something new. They may also be worried if someone is holding a muzzle.

In this case, put the muzzle on the floor and drop the treats near it. See if your dog will eat the treats then. As your dog gains confidence, you can gradually place the treats closer to the muzzle. If your dog has mobility issues or would struggle to reach the floor, you could zip tie the muzzle to a chair or table leg.

If your dog is still worried and won’t go near the muzzle, speak to your vet.

It’s well worth taking some time to change your dog’s feelings about the muzzle. You should find that doing so helps in other areas of your dog’s life too.

What if my dog tries to remove the muzzle or keeps rubbing it?

If your dog starts rubbing or pawing at the muzzle to try to remove it, try to engage them in something else to distract them. Then, remove the muzzle and go back a stage, to when they were relaxed. Keep repeating that stage for a while to build their confidence before trying to progress again. When you do, go slower.

Once your dog is relaxed and confident wearing a muzzle, some rubbing of their face can be normal. But if your dog’s skin seems irritated or sore, or they can’t behave normally while wearing it (they should be able to eat and drink through it), then it might mean the size, shape, or material of the muzzle is not right for your dog. Speak to your vet for advice on finding the right muzzle.

What if I need to use a muzzle before my dog is ready?

If you've started your training and you need to fully muzzle your dog for any reason, use a completely different style of muzzle. If you’re at the vet, they might have a selection available. Use a different muzzle for this short intervention to minimise disruption to training with your dog’s own muzzle.

Will people and dogs treat my dog differently if they’re wearing a muzzle?

Some people may give dogs wearing muzzles a wider berth — but depending on why your dog is wearing their muzzle, this can actually be a benefit! If your dog feels worried around other dogs or people for example, more space may be helpful.

If your dog is relaxed around other dogs, gradually introduce them with their muzzle on. When your dog interacts with other dogs, watch their body language to make sure everyone is relaxed and confident. Read our body language guide to learn the signs to look for.

Once your dog is happy to wear their muzzle, they will be able to have just as much fun on walks and enjoy their time outdoors.

No breed of dog is currently banned in Ireland. But if you have certain types or breeds of dog there are additional rules you must follow, in accordance with the Control of Dogs Regulations 1998. This applies to the following types of dog, as well as strains or cross-breeds of these breeds: